Pin-tumbler lock



Patented May 23 Fly Cl PIN TUNBLER LOCK.

APPUCTION FILED APR. 9, 192| iTo all w t may concern:

a; a or sr. rana, atrrvnrso'ra,

ANUFACTURING COMPANY, @1F S'IFORD, UUNNE'MCUT.

FIN-TULIIEF' 1D0.

paralela peellcation of Letters Patent. Pmlhpmlgp lll/Imp 23, 1122,

application ana apra e,- rear. semaine. ataaea.

Be it known that ll, FRANK C. Banken, a citizen ot the United States, and a resident of St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and .State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful llmprovements in Pin-'Furnbler Locks; and ll do hereby declare the lollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description oit the invention, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and 'use the same.

'llhis invention relates to an improvement in pin tumbler locks.

llt is av known fact that it is possible to unlock the plug of a pin tumbler lock without a ke by means of slim picking tools operated t rough the key hole to raise the pins to the proper height. 'lo do this however it is necessal Lto apply aside pressure upon the pins atter they have been raised to prevent them t'rom dropping under the pressure ot the springs, which is accomplished by a small wrench or similar tool inserted in the key hole and upon which a slight pressure is exerted tending to revolve the plug and thus clamp the pins in their elevated position.

'lhe object ot my invention is tov provide' a mechanism which will prevent the appli-V cation ot any side pressure on the pins, and it consists in the parts and combinations of parts as will be more tully explained and pointed out in the claims.

ln the accompanyingr drawings, Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of the pin tumf bler lock; Figuref is a view in section on the line Elf-L2 ot Figure 1; Figure dis a view in transverse section` on the line 3-3 ot Figure 2; FigureI Ll is a view in rear eleva-f` tion of the lock with the disk removed; Figure 5 is a View in elevation of the cam; Figure G Iis an edge view. ot the'latter; Figures 7 and 8 are views in front and edge elevation respectively ot' the disk; Figure 9 is .a view showing the relation'of thedisk to the cam.` and Figures 10 and 11 are views ot a modilied construction. ,t

'l0 represents the cylinder and l1 the key plug` which are of the usual construction except that inl the locks as now made, the plug 11 has a close tit within the .bore oli' the cylinder and-is connected directly with the cam,

lin my improvement, the cylinder is counthe surface of the terhored at the rear ol the opening tor the Ver WMLE dlt WWF i key plug to receive the cylindrical sleeve 12 which has a close lit in-said counterbore and is prevented fromoutward displacement by the shoulder lformed by counterboring and is1 provided with a bore to receive the key p u 11.

'lhe outer end ot the plug 11 is flanged as at 13, the said dange resting within a circular recessed seat termed in the front or outer face of the cylinder 10 sov as to prevent any rearward movement oil the plug within the sleeve. and plug 1l are provided with pin holes, in which are located lthe sectional pins 14k which, in Figures 2 and 3, are each composed olE cylindrical pin sections and the ball or balls 15, the latter being interposed between sections ot the pins and constituting parts ol the latter, and which in Figures 10 and 11 are composed wholly ot cylindrical sections the lower section 1t, which normally rests in the plug, having convex ends which encrage the sections next above.

ln theordinary cylinder lock, when the u proper key is inserted, the pins are so moved that a break or joint in each sectional pin occurs at the surface of the plug and thus allow the plug to be revolved by the key and ',lhe cylinder 10, sleeve 12 sociated lock mechanism, and when tlle proper key is inserted a break or joint in each pm occurs always at the surface ot the lll)v sleeve, and as the plug and sleeve are thus locked together by the pins, the plug and sleefe will be turned' together. v

The novel feature ot my invention resides in the plug` which is provided with one or more pins each composed ot a pin section or sections and a ball or balls in each pin hole as shown in Figure 2, or a pin section with a convexl end bearing against the section next above, as shown 1n Figures 10 and 11, and so located that a ball or the convex end of a pin section 14, as the case may be, in each pin hole rests Hush with lug when the key is not inserted, thus leaving the plug lloating or tree to loe revolved under any turning pres 'iet sure exerted upon it, and as the sleeve is consequently there can be no clamping acwholly concealed at the front so that no laccess can be had to it, it is impossible to obtain any side pressure upon the sections of the pins above the plug, suicient to hold the latter elevated against the pressure of the springs 18..v In Figures 2 and 3 the pin hole in each plug 11 is shown provided with a short section of a pin and two balls, but it is clearly evident that I may use only one ball or more than two, or, as above stated I may dispense with the balls and use pin sections with convex ends as Ushown in Figures 10 and 11.

, The cam 16 which actuates the associated lock mechanism, is secured to the sleeve 12 by the screws 17, and the inner end of the plug which passes through the cam is covered by a disk 19 secured to the inner end of the plug, the outer edge or periphery of the disk overlapping the cam, thus locking the plug against outward displacement.

The face of the disk19 contacting with the` cam 16 may be. perfectly flat to permit of unlimited rotation of the plu and disk 1n eithel` direction-When .the key 1s net inserted in the plug, but-,l refer te prevlde the eem vwith one or more s oulders 20, and the disk with corresponding recesses 21 of greater length than the width of the shoulders to permit of a limited movement only of the plug within the sleeve. W-hen the parts are thus assembled the plug 11, sleeve 12 and cam 16 are seoured to the cylinder 10 between the -plug head or. flange 13 and the disk 19, and as before explained the plug may be free when the key is not inserted, to

`make a complete revolutiien` within the sleeve,

but I prefer to limit theimovement by the shoulder 20 and recess lT21 connection between the disk and cafn as previously explained.

lWith this construction, the balls or the pin sections having convex ends normally rest within the plug flush with the outer Asurface thereof, thus leaving theiplug float-v ing or free to be turned. When a key or picking tool is however inserted in the key slot, a ball or balls or curved end of the pin sectionsin the lug are raised to project into the sleeve t us looking the plug to the sleeve, and if the proper key be used the joints in the sectional pins 14,' will be brought into alinemen't with the outer surface of the sleeve thus permitting the latter and the cam 16 secured thereto, to be turned to actuate the associated lock`mechanism. If however picking tools be used there can b e no side pressure exerte. through the balls or the convex endsof the pin sections 14a to the pin sections above,

tion exerted on the upper sections of the pins thatwould be sufficient to prevent them from being acted upon by the springs 18, hence it is impossible to hold the pins elevated by a side pressure. This renders the process of picking the lock more diiicult and consequently adds security to the lock.

In order to yieldingly hold the key plug 11 in proper position for the entrance of the key, I have provided the )lug with a spring pressed b'all 22 adapted to engage a recessed seat in thesleeve. The ball will give or yield and permit the plug to turn when a key or other instrument is inserted in the key slot of the plug and turned in either direction and which will seat itself when the plug has been returned to its normal position.

It is evident that many slight changes mightl be resorted to in the relative arrangement of parts shown and described without departingfrom the spirit and scope of my invention hence I would have it understood that I do not wish to confine myself to the exact construction and arrangement of parts shown and described but,

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letof a cylinder, a sleeve mounted to rotate therein, a key plug mounted to rotate in the sleeve, a cam secured to the sleeve for actuating the associated lock mechanism,

and a pin to normally lock said sleveto said cylinder composed of 4a pin section and a member below said section, the said lower member having a convexl surface engaging the pin section above the same and normally resting in the plug and adapted to elevate the pin section, whereby the sleeve will be disconnected from the cylinder.

2. In a pin tumbler lock, the combination of a cylinder, a sleeve mounted to rotate therein, a plug mounted to rotate in the sleeve, a cam-secured to the sleeve for actuating the associated lock mechanism, and a. pin composed of pin sections and a lower member located 'within the plug and having a convex surface engaging the section next above, the said lower member of the pin nor- Amally resting within the plug with its upper surface flush with the surface of the plug whereby the latter is normally free to io tate in the sleeve, and a pin section above the said lower member normally locking the sleeve to the cylinder.

3. In a pin tumbler lock, the combination of a cylinder, a'sleeve mounted 'to rotate therein, a key plug mounted to rotate in the sleeve, a cam secured to the sleeve for actuating the associated lock mechanism., and a lll alti

maratea t. ln a pinv tumbler loclr, the combination ozt a cylinder, a .sleeve mounted to rotate therein the iront end of the sleeve bearing against the iront tace vot the cylinder, a

4plug mounted 'to rotate in the sleeve the ing within the plug and adapted when ele.

vated by the key to elevate the pin sections so that the joint in the latter will be Hush with the outer surilace oil the sleeve thus lelaving the latter tree to be turned with the ug. p 5. ln a pin tumbler loclr, the combination ot a cylinder, a sleeve mounted to rotate therein, a plug mounted to rotate in the sleeve, the cylinder, sleeve and plug being provided with a pin hole, a pin made up ot sections and a ballthe latter normally resting within the plug with its outer surlace llush with the outer surface ol the latter and a pin section normally engaging the sleeve and the cylinder tor holding the lormer against rotation` a cam secured to the sleeve and 'means for securing Athe plug against endvvise displacement.

6. ln a pin tumbler loclr, the combination of a cylinder, a sleeve mounted to rotate therein, a plug mounted to rotate in the sleeve, a cam. secured to the sleeve, a dislr secured to the lug and overlapping the cam, the cylinder, s eeve and plug` being provided with pin holes, and a pin mounted in each4 hole each pin being composed ol pin sections and a ball the` latter normally resting within the plug withits outer surface Hush with the outer surface oil the latter so as to permit of rotation olv the plug within the sleeve, and the pin sections normally resting in the holes inthe sleevev and cylinder lor preventing the latter trom being turned,I

7. lln a pin tumbler lock, the combina# tion ol a cylinder, a sleeve mounted to rotate therein, a plug mounted to rotate in the sleeve, the cylinder, sleeve and plug having alined pin holes, a pin in each pin hole, each pin beingV composed ot pin sections andl balls, the latter being interposed between two sections ol each pin, a cam sesecured to the inner end ot the sleeve and overhanging the cylinder, and a disk secured to the inner end ol the plug and overhanging the cam.

8. lln a pin tumbler loclr, the combination oil a cylinder, a sleeve mounted to rotate therein, a plug mounted to rotate in the bil sleeve, the cylinder, sleeve and plug having i alined pin holes, means iler yieldingly holding the plug against rotation, a pin in each pin hole, each pin being composed ol pin sections and balls the latter being interposed between two sections ol each pin and normally resting in the plug, a cam secured to the inner end of the sleeve and overhanging the cylinder and a dislr secured to the inner end ot the plug and overhanging the cam.

9. ln a pin tumbler lock, the combination ol a cylinder, a sleeve mounted to rotate therein, a plug mounted to rotate in the sleeve, a cam secured to the inner end ot the sleeve, a disk secured to the inner end ol the plug, the cam and dislr having engaging parts lor limiting the independent rotation of the plug in the sleeve, the cylinder, sleeve and plug having alined pin holes and a pin in each hole, each pin com.- posed ol pin sections and balls interposed between the pin sections, the balls normally resting within the plug, substantially as and lor the purpose described.

ln testimony whereof, l have signed this specification in the presence olE two sub- Witnesses 2 tenero ll/luniterwrrz, lancera Brunes.

ttl 

